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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-#Sheet 1.

T. A. ZELLERS.

'FL-ATTING AND ANNEALI-NG OVEN FOR GLASS. No. 298,382. l 126.8811888 May 6', 1884.

(N0- Modem 6 sheets-sheet -2 T. AK ZELLBRS.

FLATTING AND 'ANNEALING OVEN POR GLASS.

Patented May 6, 1884.

(No'Model.)

T. A. ZELLERS.

6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

FLATTING AND ANNgALING OVEN FOR, GLASS.

N?? HH Patented-May 6, 1884.

INVENTR.- MJC@ 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 FLATTING AND ANEALING OVEN POR GLASS.

(No Model.) 6 sheets-sheen 5. T. A. ZELLERS. PLATTING AND ANNEALING UVBN FOR GLASS.

Patented May 6, 1884.

GLI

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\/\/I T N ESS ES mer/LWL@ /w WEM (No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 6. T. A. ZELLERS. FLATTING AND ANNBALING OVEN FOR, GLASS.

1 D 6 l m m e A Lm l w u nw P n. 6. a 2, i

u SW1-tres t FLATTlNG AND ANNEAU Uli.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 293,332, dated May. 6,1884.

Application tiled December 1, til. (No model l To all'. 10h/m1, l'l' lmrl/ concer/z,.-

ile it known that l` 'lni-:ohon A. ZnLLnns, ot' Ottawa, in the county ol' La Salle and State ol" Illinois, have invented certain new and use 5 t'ul linprovenients` in Flutting and Annealing` Ovens l'or Glass; and l do hereby declare that the following is a t'ull, clear, and exact; de-

scription thereot', reluence beine' had tothe accol Ypanrine drawings, and to theletters ol" 1@ relereuce marked thereon. which forni a part ol this` specil-ication.

This invention relates to that portion of tho loperation o'l4 manul'atfturing window-glass' in which a cylinder ot' glass previously blown and split` is Aopened out so as to make a tlat sheet- It relates .ntorefparriganu-iyeg 111,15- proreinents` in the construction ot' the oven and devices therein tor handling the material during the heatingv of the glass cylinders and 2O the cooliirr olA the itat sheets, and it consists in the matters hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

1n the ovens heretofore used for heating glass cylinders l'or the purpose above stated,

product, the glass heated by. the .burning of such gas being;I l'ound to have asuperlicial discoloration, usually presentingr the appearance ot` a. milky or whitish tilin, which cannot;- be permanenti)v removed by amY known process. 55 l have lonnd that the presence ol' a small quantitv ol' steam in the das produced from coal, as'above nientitmed, has the ell'cct of 'prerenting?` the discoloration caused by the sulphur contained in thee-as; and in order tooo avoid the injurious etl'ect ot' said sulphur upon the product I introduce a small uuantity of water or steam into the ttras-cha:nner ot' the generator, so that, the gas, bel'ore it is introduced into the tlatting-oven, contains or is 65 :the rufhljfniircd withV a uuuuititv ol' steam. 'ln-tho devices preferably used tor introducing Steam into'tho `gas, means are provided for feeding water in small quantities to a receptacle in the gas-ohamber ot` the generator. 7o Such \\ate`r,'bt -ing va'po'r'sced by the heat in such chamber, and mingling; with the gas the previousl)v blown and split cylinder is in 1 troduced into a. heating-ehambcra'nd subjected either to tho direct heat ot' the llames of wood or coal burned in a furnace adjacent to or i'ortning part oi' such chamber, or it has been heated 3Q by gas, which is burned .in the hcatingchamber and direct-ly over or in contact with the glass. For considerations ot' economy the use ot' coal is preferred to that of wood for the purpose mentioned, and when coal is used it is preferably lirst'converted into gasand burned in thatV 'orin, the latter method being the pre. tei-red one, l'or the reason that `the glass tnt15Y be thereby much more evenly and regularly heated than by the direct action ol` tlaine, the

aro gas being made in a suitable generator near the oven and intrtnluced into the heatingy`- chamberihereof while still hot, so that it. will burn around and over the surface ol' the glass "by admitting' a sutlieicnt'. quantity oll air to the chamber to cause combustion. ln the use ot' gas made l'roni coal ol the hind ordinarily obtainable l'or the purpose, ithas beenv t'ound, however, that the sulphur or other compo nents ot the gas produced troni such coal is 5o liable to causo an injurious effect upon the therein, presumably in the l'orm of superi heated steam, is carried therewith to the oven ofthe tlatting-furnace. 7 As rel-.ningv to tho nic-ans l'or handling the glass during the operation milattine' the previously-'termed cylinders, the invention relates to that class ot: ilattingovens having a heating-chamber, a AcoolitnA -haniber, and a So revolvinpl wheel or table which supports a series olf ilattingstones and 'tortas the bottoms ol' the chambers mentioned, the said table being constructed toiurn so as to curr)Y the tlattingstoncs successively from the heating,` to the coating chamber, wherein the sheets ot" glass, after-having been softer .d and thitteucd yout upon the stones in the heatingchamber, may be carried to .the cootiiig-chamber and .therein allowed to become Suliiciently hard to 9o permit their removal from the said stones, the

. said even bini; used in connection with au annealiiig-oven constructed t'o hold a number ol' trncfits or cars. uporrwhich the sheets of glass are placed alter boina` removed t'roni the 95 llattingstoues, and in which thevare allowed to gradually cooi.

ln ov'ens oil the character described, as previously constructed, iw o chambers alone have been used-ouc i'or heating the glass, and a 100 4troduced for the purpose voflifting the cooled sheets of glass from the ilattingstones and placing them upon the'cars of the leer; and such chamber is therefore liable to receive through the said opening, by means of 'which too sudden cooling and consequent injury to the sheets of glass therein mayres'ult, the

sheets of glass which have just leftthe heating-chamber being obviously more liable to in'ury from this source than thev others. ,In or er to prevent injury to the glass from the cause above mentioned, the oven illustrated as embodying my invention is provided with a closed chamber located over the revolving table or wheel above mentioned and between the heating and cool-ing chambers, Vthe partitionwalls which divide said chamber from the heating and cooling chamber coming close to the surface ofthe revolving table, so that the contact of cold air with the glass. when it is within said chamber is prevented. As an additional means of preventing the too rapid cooling of the glass, the portion ofv the cooling'chamber adjacent to the chamber last mentioned is'constructed with an arched roof having its under surface close to` the surface cf the table, so that the heated air isretained in contact with the glass` and an influx of cold air to the glass when it first enters the cooling-chamber is prevented. The oven shown also embraces an improved construction in devices for turning the cars, so as to bring' them into. proper position for the placing of glass thereon when removed from the flattingstones, and in the construction of the ovenf itself, by which the several chambers above mentioned are formed, as will be hereinafter more particularly described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 'l. is

a top plan view of a iiattingoven embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken upon line a' x of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken upon linen: x of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken upon lineg// of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken upon line z of Fig. 2. Fig.A 6 is a section on line .frm of Fig. l. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary detail view, from beneath, of the revolving' table for supporting the iiatting-stones. Fig. 8 is a detail view, hereinafter referred to.

As shown in the accompzhiying drawings, A is the heating -chamber of the ilattingoven. B, C, and D are cooling-chambers. E is the leer or annealing-ovem'ivhich is provided with track-railsf for cars F, and L is a gas-generator, which ish/cated in position adjacent to the heating-oven, and is connected therewith by passages Z, through which gas is delivered thereto. G is a revolving wheel or table, which is constructed to support a series of liattingstones, II, and is arranged centrally beneath the'heating-chamber A and the eooling-chambers B, C, and D, and forms the bottoms or floor of said chambers. The table G is supported upon a central vertical shaft,

G2, located at thc intersecting point of the Iiatting-stones, H, are located upon the tab e G at equal distances apart around the periphery thereof,"and the chambers A and B extend over one-half of the circumference of the said table, and are separated from the chambers C and D by means of a stra-ight central partition-wall, J, such wall being supported by means of suitable girders, as hereinafter described, and terminating a short distance above the surface ofthe ilattingstones, andthe chami bers A and B being separated by a partition, K, located at right angles tothe wall J. The chambers Gand D open one into the other, `and together cover one-half of the table G. the chamber C having a low roof, C', iutinded lo confine theheated air closely over the surface of a plate of glassy which is upon a Ilattiug stone therein, and the chamber D being arranged to extend over the passage of the leer, and being constructed to afford space for the turning ofthe cars F, upon which the glass is held when within the leer, and forthe operation of lifting the glass from the tlattingstones and placing them upon the cars. By the construction above describcd it will be seen that the chambers A and D each cover one-quarter of the table G, so that when one ofiy the tlatting-stones H is in the heating-chamber any as fast as the glasscylinders placed' upon the lattingstones in the heating-chamber are soft= cned and flattened out by the operator, so that the sheet within the chamber B remains there some time, and sufficientlyI long to lose a considerable portion of its heat. K, forming two sides of the chamber B, are

extended downwardly toa point near the surface of thefrevolving table, so that thereis The walls J and.

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practically no external air admitted to such.

chamber, and the glass while withinsaid chariber will be subjected to no sudden changes in temperature. p

As preferably constructed, low walls G are Batting-stones by means of a tooll introduced 'level with t-he top of the table (el, and curves formed radially uponthe table (l between the ilatting-stones 1I, and extending above said` stones a sufficientheight to come nearly in contact with the lower surl'ace`of`tlie beams snpportiug the walls li and J, such walls i being arranged to divide the tables into quadrants to coincide with the walls J and li when the stones are in position inthe several chattibers, and thereby ell'ectnally separate the said chambers. y

. rlhe heating-chamber A is preferably reetangular in plan. as shown more clearly in'l`ig, 2, and the revolving ytable (l forms aportion only of its bottom surface or floor, the remaining portion ofsuch lioor being on a level with said table, and with the bottom of an. inlet passage, a, in thc rear wall A" ot' the chamber, through which passage the glass cylinders are introduced into said chamber preparatory tol tiattening them,'said cylinders resting upon the stationary portion ot' the floor of said chamber until placed` upon the through an opcning,`a, in the front wall A2 ot' the chamber. The passage u, for the introduction ot' the cylinders, is provided'with a sliding door, ci, constructed to lbe lifted 'when it is desired to place a cylinder in the citamber; and a hood or open chamber, A, of masonry is preferably built around t-he'opening ot' said passage; the lower surface of which is upon a level with the tloor of-the passage and the chamber A, and in which .the cy-limites.- are preferably placed so as to be heated,l pre;l paratory to being placed in the chamber, by heat from the-adjacent heated walls of the oven, and by the warm air escaping through the door c when it is opened. lhe chamber A is, as shown, provided with a llue, A', in its top, for the 'exit ot' surplus heat and pro-v ducts of combustion, said llue being provided with a damper, a, by which the` escape of heated air and gases through the llue may be regulated.

The arched roof B of the chamber 1l is preferably constructed to spring froln the curved supporting-wall llt thereof at a line upon a upwardly over the said table, and intersects the walls J and K upon curved lines, as shown in Fig. 5and in dotted ,lilies in Fig. tl, the arch being only slightly curved` sons to leave comparatively little space over the said table, and to eontineI the heated air closely to thev surface thereof. The chamber ll is provided with au exit-title, B, as shown in lfigs. 1 and 5, said tlue being located at the upper part ol' provided with a damper, b, whereby the teni- -perature in the said ehambe' may be coitthe arched root' of said chamber, and being i i I l t l t l den drafts of cold air from the chamber l), of which it forms a part. lhe cooling ofthe glass in said chambert is 'aeililat'cd, however, b v the escape of hot air therefrom into the said chamber 1),'the roof of which, as shown more clearly in lfig. Il, is higher than that ot' Said chamber C. Y

As far as the operation of the revolving table, iu connection with the several chambers above described, is concerned, the cylinders within the h latiiig-chamber maybe heated in any desired or preferred manner; but in order to provide a convenient means for supplying gas for this purpose thegasgcneratorL is located in position adjacent to the said heating chamber, and the gas produced thereby is introduced into Said chamber through the series of openings l, formed in the partition-wall between said heating-chamber and generator. The gas-generator shown isoftliatI class known asa Siemens"7 generator, and has a chaml\er,`L, provided with a grate, upon which the coal is burned, and a receiving-cliainbta-, Li', located above said'chamber L', and communicating therewith b v means of a series of openings, l', `provided with valves ff rvrlhe chamber L" is` as shown, provided with a par tition-wall, l, between the apertures Z and the passages l. v

As a prefca'able means of introducingsteam into the gas produced in the generator previous to its passage intotheheating-chamber,

for tl-tepurpose belbrerelerrcd to. a. tanli, M,

is located above the top or covering L 'of the recelving-chamber ]f, said tank being connected with a pipe, m, which extends through the top of said chamber, and is provided with a valve, tnby which the flow of waterfront said tank through the pipe may be regulated. A metal pan or trough. M', vis preferably placed within the chamber lf, beneath the end yot' the pipe n1, upon which the water passiugthrough said pipe falls, the water` preferably being fed in small quantities, so that. it is vaporized as rapidly as -it'- enters the chamber. lhe heat within the chamber is such that the steam produced from the water is supcrheated or coh verted in t o a gaseous form` and, becoming mixed with the/gas produced from the coal, enters the heatitlg-chamber and is burned with such A sufficient supplyof air to cause.

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ignition ofthe gas passingtotheheat ing-chambei' A from the generator is permitted toenter the said chamber from beneath the table ti, a portion ofsueh air entering through the space between the margins of said tableand`4 the lloorofthe chamber, and a portion through aseries ofholes, y, which are preferably formed in said table around two sides of the ttattingstones ll, so that a supply of air is given upon all sides ot'said tlatt ing-stones, and combustion is caused to take place evenly over the entire surface of the sheets of glass upon said stones.

'The leer or annealing-oven ll consists, as before described, of a passage ot' considerable length, which intersects the chamber D, the

35Fvent the glass becoming cracked by contact` i o the cooliug-chamber which is adjacent to the 6o insertion ofthe cars at one end andthecxit of track-rails f in the passage of the leer passing through said chamber and near the table. G, so that the sheets of glass may be readily removed from the fiattinglstones to the ears 5 F. A number of said ears are used, although hut one isshown in the drawings. theears being placed one after another. in the leer` and in contact with eachother, so as to fill the passage from end to end, a car loaded with io cooled glass being removed at theextreme end of 'the leer at the time that another is introduced into it from the chamber D. Saidcars F, after passing from the end of the lee'r ref, mote from the furnace, areI returned to a position adjacent to the chamber Dby means of a track, N, and two cross-tracks, N and N, which are provided with shil'tingcars a,by which the cars F,.for holdingr the glass, may be placed upon such return-track at the remote 2o end ,of the leer, and returned to the leer at its end adjacent to the furnace.

A passage, E3, preferably forming an extension of thepassage of the leer, and having a door, e2, is provided for the introduction of the cars `returned by the track N' into the.

, chamber VD preparatory to reloading them l.with sheets of glass. The said passage E is ,made of suflicient length to contain a car, and nhas beneath it a furnace, E, which eon1muni' 3cr catcs therewith by passages e, through which hotfair from said furnace may enter said passage, forthe purpose of heating the car pre,- vious to placing the sheets of glass thereon, such heating being necessary in order to pre' -with the cars after they have become'cooled in theirpassage outside of the leer. r{.hese devices are well known in the art, and form no part of this invention.

4o The f latting-st-ones H are preferably made longer in one direction than in the other, and one of their longer sides is placed upon a radial line of the table G, so that the longer sides of the adjacent stones are at right angles to each other. The {hitting-stones are soarranged that when within the heatingchamber theirv shorter sides will be toward the opening thereof, for convenience of the operator in manipulating the cylinders; andthe stone in one in the heating-chamber is thus located at' right angles to the one last mentioned, and with its side toward theopenings d in the chamber D,- through which implements are introduced for the purpose of removing the sheets of 'glass from said stones andplacing them upon-thercars F. The passage of the leeris preferably located at right angles to the front walls ofthe furnace, in order to permit the said cars at the other, andv is necessarily adjacent to the ilatlingstones from which the cooled sheet of glass is to be removed, so that the track-rails therein passat one side of the table G and across one ofthe shorter sides of the atting-stoncs. Vhen the leer and the flatting-stnes are arranged as described, it is obviously necessaryto turn the sheets' of glass around in removing'them from the stones to 'the cars, in order to place them lengthwise on 7,0 said cars, and so as to permit them to pass' lengthwise through the leer. 1

yIn order to obviate the necessity forturning the glass. sheets, as described, and, to enable theleerto be located at a'ny angle desired with 75 reference to the chamber D, a. turntable, O, is located in lincv'with thef track-rails f and ad.'-`

jaeent tothe end of the atting-stone which is within the chamber D, said turn-table bef, ing preferably controlled by means-'of a ,crank-D86 shaft, O2, extending through'the outer wall of the furnace, and provided with a crank, o'. By means of this turn-tablethe track-rails may enter the chamber D at any angle desired, and the cars may be placed upon said turntable and turned in position for the transfer ofthe sheets of glass thereto, with its longer sides parallel with the rails, and then rotated,Nv so that the glass will pass lengthwise through the leer. As preferably constructed, Fig. 3,90 Athe turn-table Ois mounted upon a vertical shaft, O', which is supported in bearings o', secured in the brick-work of the furnace, and is' provided with a beveled gearwheel, ol, which i meshes with a second gear-wheel, o, upon theshaft O2. A suitable temperature is retained in theleer or annealing-oven for the pupose of allowing ,a gradual coolingl of the glass by' means of the heat ofv the glass itself and hot air from thc chamber D, which passes through the passage of the leer and makes its exittherefrom at an opening, c, formed in a slid; l ing door, El, by which the exit end ofthe leer l, is closed. e In leers or annealing-ovens, asheretofor `i635 constructed the roof thereof has usually con sisted either of a series of arches resting upon; transverse beains,or of a continuous arch supi ported by the side walls ofthe lcer. The latter construction is the one most commonly '11o used, and when itis employed depending partitionwvallsarc usually placed transversely in the arched portion of the passage of the leer,

above the path ofthe cars', for the purpose of directing the heated air passing through the leer downwardly upon the glass, so as to prevent. the latter from cooling too rapidly, and valved exit-fines are in such case also. usually placed in the arched r'oof between the partitions mentioned, in order to permit the escape 12o of surplus heat, and to enable the temperature` in different parts of the leer to be` regulated. The construction first mentioned, in which the roof of tlhe leer is formed of a series of transverse arches, has the disadvantage of throwing the heated air downwardly upon the glass and allowingr it to rise therefrom at intervals yiu its passage through the loer; and lthe sccond l'orm of construction referred to presents' the same disadvantage, with the added ones 13o of an expensive constrnctionin the partitions, exit-lines, and regulatingvalves for the latter. ln order, therefore, to provide a simple -piers J2 is surmounted by a filling, J, which and cheap means of constructing the root' of| serves to complete. the partitiolrwallto alevel the leer, and one whereby the objectionable features thereinabove mentioned are avoided, the under or inner surface of the roof of the leer herein shownis niadeiiat, and space only is left between the said ilat roof and the iloor ing theglass.

of the leer for the passage of the cars support- By this construction all ofthe heated lair in the leer is retained constant] yin contact with theshcts of glass upon thc cars', and the same relative temperature is maiutained in the different parts of the leer, whcreby the glass willl be cooled equally in its different parts,and liability ,of t-he sheets of glass becoming warped or cracked by unequal cooling is much lessened. As a simple and cheap means of constructing the fiat root' described,- it iscomposed of transverse metal bars @,supported upon the side walls, E, of theleer, and metal plates e', placed upon said bars, the Whole being covered by al layer, E2, of loam or sand, in order to eqhalize the temperature within the leer, and to preventthe too rapid escape of heat therefrom,

In atting-ovens havingarotating table and a heati ng anda cooling chamber located above said table, as heretofore constructed, a diiiieulty has been found in supporting the dividing-wall between such chambers, on account of the liability of' the metal girders used for this ypurpose to injury from the heat in the oven, such heat causing the rapid deterioration of the iron, and the consequent necessity of frequent removal and replacing of the beams. -An improved construction in such partition-walls, by which the above-mentioned diihculti'es are obviated, is illustrated in the drawings and shown more'clearly in Fig. 6 t., `reef, and is as follows: Between two oppositeiy-arranged abutments or piers, J2, which form part of the main wall of the furnace, as shown more plainly in Fig. 2,and centrally over the table G, is formed an arch, J, having the horizontal width equal to the thickness of the said wall. At the center of said arch, and surrounding the upper portion of the vertical shaft G2, upon which the revolving table G is supported, is placed a hollow casting or drum, P, such drum being preferably rectangular in horizontal section,ainihaving inclined surfaces at its upper portion, against which rest the voussoirs or arch-stones adjacent to the center of the arch, so that such' drum or castingl) forms in fact the keystone of the arch. The said drum preferably extends downwardly to a point opposite the spring-line of the arch, and is provided with a horizontally-proiecting flange, p, at its lower end, constructed to support the inner ends of two hollow girders or mantels, Q,.thc outer ends of which rest in the piers Jz at the spring-line of the arches, and which serve to support a iilling or wall. R, of brick or other substance the space between the said mantels and the under side of the arch. The portion ofthe arch adjacentto the with the top of the arch. By this construction the entire weight of the partitioirwall may be carricdby the arch J', the mantels Q only .serving to support the comparatively small weight of the lilling R between the upper surface ot' said mantels and the under surface of the arch beneath one-half of said arch. A very small strain, therefore, comes upon the saidmantels; and in case of their beinginjured by heat, they may be removed without affecting' any part of the partition, except the filling R, and new mantels substiiutedi- The drum P, being located at the intersection ofthe several walls,- is less exposed to the in liuence of heat than the mantels; and as an additional protection, such drum is usually surrounded by a-layer ot' fire-brick in its exposed portion, as shown in Fig. 8; The central aperture in the drum I), through which the shaft Gr2 passes,

is preferably made of 'cylindrical form, and

larger than the Saidshaft; and said drum is provided at its lower end withgopeningsp,

which communicate with the hollow interiors of the mantels Q, which are supported thereby. The interior of said mantels, at the outer ends thereof, communicate-with openings'q in the piers J2, said openings extending to the outside of the oven,and permitting an inward draft of airthrough the said mantels and upwardly through the drum l? around the shaft G2, this air-current having the effect of cooling the'said mantels, and preventing the overheating of the shaft G" i-n its portion which passes through the drum. p Y

As shown in the drawings, the mantels Q are additionally supported in their portions intermediate to their ends by means of girders S, which are located above the oven and rest at their ends upon the piers J, and are connected with the said mantels by means of suspcnsionlrods s, which are secured in crosspieces s', resting at their ends upon the tops of the girdcrs S, and are inserted at their lower endsin apertures in the top ol the mantelsQ, nuts s2 being placed upon such lower ends in the interior ot' the mantels, as shown. The rods s are preferably surrounded in the portions thereof which pass through the walls J. with tubes or tiles s, which are open at their tops and communicate at their lower ends with suitable openings, q', formed in the mantels Q, thus pcrnifitting an upward flowof lair from saidl mantels'around the said rods, which tends to k'cep them cool and prevents injury thereto from theheat of the wall. As pret'crabl y constructed, the apertures q in the mantels Q, as shown in the detail view, Fig. 8, are provided upon one side with narrow extensions or slots (ji, in which the lower ends of the rods are placed,said rods being connected with the mantels in putting up the oven by inserting the heads or nuts s2 through the aperturesq, .and then slipping the rods laterally into the slots ff.v The druin l also serves to roo ` and .the druml, inthe manner above described in connection with the mantels Q.

The upper portion of the partition-wall Jis, as shown, inclined. at its sides to form the skewbacks or abutting -faces against which the inner portions of the arched coverings of the several .chambers rest, the thrust ofthe arch A acting against that of the arch D upon said wall at the front portion of the oyen,

a considerable portion of the arched roofs of` theseveral chambers is carried by the partition J. It is important, therefore, that such partition should he both exceedingly rigid, and that ils supportsshould be so constructed that the portions thereof which are liable to be affected by hea-t ma y be removed and replaced without the necessity 'of destroying the principal part of the oven. These results are both obtained by the construction in the said partition-wall above set'.A forth, the arch J giving, it great rigidity, and at the same time permitting-the removal of the beams or mantels Q without affect-ing any part of the structure except the illling R immediately above them.

The Vshaft (l2, by which thc table Gr- Vis supported, is,'as shown, supported at its" 'lower end in a bearing, g", placed upon a suitable support upon the ground at the bottom-of the chamber I, and at its upper end has bearing` at gt' ina plate, T, which rests upon and is secured to the girders S, before mentioned.'

'Upon the upper end of said shaft, above the plate T, is secured a gear-wheel, G, which meshes with a gear-wheel, U, upon a shaft, U, which is located horizontally over theoven, and is supported at one end in a bearing-box, u, upon one of the girders S, and at its oppositeend in a bearing-box, u, vwhich is mounted upon the upper end of a post, U3, at the outer wall of the o'ven, the said shaft havingsecured upon its outer enda sprocket-wheel, U2, over Awhich a chain belt, u, is placed, by which mo'- tion is transmitted to said shaft from a sprock'- etwvheel, as, mounted near the lower end of the post, and operated by a handcrankfu-or otherwise. j v Y For the purpose of giving additional support to the drnni P, the plate T is connected,

As a preferable construction in. the table G,

it consists of a circular sheetfmetal plate, G4, which rests upon a series of segmental eastflange, p2, at the upper' iron gratingspfif, which are secured to the shaft G2, andA supported at their outer por tions by means of' inclined bracesg" and g* l r/i, and the flatting-stones being held in position upon s'aid table by being set inl clay-'or plaster. As shown in the drawings, Fig. '7,4

, from said'shaft, said. plate being strengthened 70 .around its edges by means of an angleiron,

the segments G consist of a series of radial and cross ribs, and six of such segments are used, which are bolted together and' fitted at` their inner marginsto a hexagonal enlanxgge,

Yment upon the shaft G, the braces g* beingv 'connected 'to said segments', near the periphf v ery of' the table, by bolts passing throughthc.`

adjacent radial ribs of two adjoining segments,

-and the shorter segments g3 being connected vwith the central portions of the sever-al seg- `bars V,..placed against the outer vertical faces of the said piers, and the lower ends of which bars may either be inserted in the ground a suiilcient distance to hold them securely in\ place, or connected by tie-rods similar to those` above described.

l. The combination, with theheatingLchamberof a ilatting-oyen, and with a gasgener-v ator communicating therewith, of means for introducing,` steam into the gas before the ad: mission of the gas into the henting-chamber substantially as described.

2. rlhe conjlbination, with the heating-chamber of a {letting-furnace, a gas-generator, and passages connecting; the generator with vthe heating-chamber, of means for introducingrwater into the generator, whereby steam is mixed lwith the gas previous to its introduction into the heating chamber, .substantially as de-l scribed. f

The combination, with the heatingfchaiu ber o f a flatting-oven, of gas-generator lo gas-chamber, L?, passages connecting the gas-.

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cated adjacent thereto, and providedxwith af chamber with the heatingchamber, a watertank, and a valved pipe connecting said tank 4 `and for the purpose set forth; 5; The combination, Iwith the heatingchalnber of ilattingmifen, a gasl-g'enerator, .,n'd

ISQ with' the( said gaschaniber, substantially'.

passages connecting the generator with the heatinechamber, ot' a revolvingv wheel or ta ble constructed to support a seriesol' tlatting'4 stonesrand formingr the bottom of the cham ber. said table being provided with apertures (1, for the admission of air to said chamber, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the heating-chamber ot' a tlattingoven, a eooling-chamlwr located adjacent thereto, and a revolving wheel or table constructed to support a series of tlatting-stoues, and forming the bottoms ot' vsaid chambers, of a closed chamber located over thev said table between the chambers above mentioned, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with the heating` and cooling chambers ot` a tlatting-oven, and a revolving table forming the bottoms of the said chambers, and constructedto support a series of tlattiug-stoues, of a closed chamber located over the said.. table between the chain.- bers mentioned, and provided with a tlue or passage having a suit. ble da'mper, where'ly the temperature in said chamber` may be regulated, substantially as described. y

8. The combination, with the heating-chamber A of a {letting-oven, a leer or annealingoven, a cooling -ehamber, D, communicating with the leer, a closed chamber, B, and a revolving table, G, co'strueted to support a series of atting-stones, and forming,r the bottoms ofthe several chambers mentioned, ot a chamber, C, located' between thechambers B and Dand opening into the latter, said chamber G having a low roof constructed to contine the heat to thesurfaceofsaid stenesand to preventl the too rapid cooling of the glass thereon, substantially as described.

9. The conibination,with the heating-chamber of a atting-'ovem a leer or annealing'- oven provided with track-rails. a ear forsnpporting.' the glass within the leer, a coolingchamber, i), communicating.;` with the leer, and a rotating wheel or table constructed te support a series of flaming-stones, and forming the bottoms of the chambers mentioned,

ot' a turn-table located within the chamber l), adjacent to the tlattingstones, and constructed to receive the ear, whereby said ear may be turned to a desired position t'or placing;` the sheets of glass thereon, substantially as de. scribed.

10. The combination ot' the lieatiiig-cham` ber of a {lattine-oven, a leer, a cooling-chamber, l), communicating with the leer, a revolving table constructed to support a series ot' tlattingstones, and forming the door ofthe said heating-chamber and ol' the chamber l), a car, tracks arranged longitudinally within the leer for supporting the car, a turn-table within the chamber D, and means for rot-ating` said turn-table from thecxterior ot' the oven,

substantially as described.

11. Tile combination, with a tlattingovcu, ot' an annealiug-oven or leerl communicating tlatt-ing-oven having' two or more chambers,l

and a revolving table or wheel constructed to supporta series of tlattingr-stones within the oven, ot' a supporting-arch, J', located be tween the said walls and oveiusaid table, a metal casting, 1, forming the keystone ofthe arch, horizontal beams or mantels resting at their outer ends on the side walls ot' th'e oven nd supported at their inner ends by said casting, and a suitable roof or covering sup ported upon the outer walls of the oven and upon the said arch, and constructed to form the chambers of the oven, substantially as delscribed. l l

13. The combination, with the side -walls of a tlatting-oven, and the revolving,` table G, for supporting' a series of ltlattingvstoues, and a shat't, G, constructed to support said table, of

an arch, J', located between the side walls of the oven and over the said table, a casting, P,

forming the keystone ot' the arch, and constructed to afford passage for the vertical shaft G2, horizontal beams or mantels Q, supported at their outer and inner ends by the side walls and the casting P, respectively, and atlling, R, between the varch and the said beams,A sub1 stantially as described.

14;. The combination, with the side walls of a flatting-oven, and a revolving wheel or table, G, ofa casting, P, `means constructed to snpport said casting from the walls of the oven, horizontal beams or mantels Q, supported at their' outer ends by the said walls and at their inner ends by the casting P, girders S,located over thetop ofthe furnace and' supported upon' the side walls thereof, and rods s, lconstructed intermediately of their ends, substantially as described. v

l5. lThe combination, with the side walls of a tlatti 11g-oven, and a revolving wheel or table, G, of au arch, J', a casting, P, forming;` the keystone `ofthe arch, horizontal beams or mantels Q, supported at their inner ends by the said casting, girders b, located over the furnace and supported upon the side wallsthereot", rodss, connecting' said mantels and gil-ders, and rods t, connecting; the `girders with the casting' I, substantially-'as described.

16. The combinatmn,with the side walls and revolving: table ot' a tlatting'furnace, of hollow beams or mantels Q. tbrsupporting the partitions over said wht-iet,l and. passages connecting` the hollow interior-lof said mantels with the outer air, substaittidlly as described. l

.17. lhe eombim'ition, with the outer walls and revolving' table of a Matting-oven, of a drum, l, loca-ted centrally over sail table,

means constructed to supportsaiddrum from` theside walls of the furnace, hollow mantels Q, supported'at their outer ends -by the side walls ot' the furnace ,land at their inner ends by said drum, and passages connecting the hollow interior ofsaid mantels :lt/their outer ends with the open air, and at theirinnerends with the 'interior olf the drum, substantiallyas andffor the ,purpos;`set forth.I

v 1S. The combination, with the outer wall und revolving table of a attingovema h'ollow mantel, Q, supported at its outer end hy Athe said wall, 4means l'or supporting the inner end of the'lnantel, girders S, and rods s, conuectedwithsaid mantel and girders, ofva parv tition-wall loe'ate'd above said inantehandprovided with passages surrounding said rods, and

communicating with the interior of the inan- `te1 and with theopen air, substantially asand 2c for the purpose set forth. 19. The combination, with the outer walls and revolving table of a flattingd'urnace, and the partition-wall J, of the hollow mantels Q,

girders S, Vsupported by the outer walls of the furnace, rods s, connected with ysaid girders and mantels, and tubes s, located within the partition-wa1l around the rods and communiveating at their lower ends with theinterior of the mantels, and passages connecting the ends of said Ymantels with the outer air. substan- 3o ,tially as and for-the purpose set forth.

20. The combination, with the partitionvwall J', of'inautels Q, provided with apertures q', liavingslotted extensions q, supportingrods s. having heads si, and vertical apertures insaid'wall communicating with said apertures qaa'nd surrounding the rods, substantially-as and for the purpose set forth.

CLARENCE GRIGGs, HENRY L. ROCHELLE. 

